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By Bojanna Shantheyanda, Sreya Dutta, Kevin Coscia and David SchiemerDynalene, Inc. Fluid air conditioning, which can be achieved using indirect or direct methods, is utilized in electronics applications having thermal power densities that may exceed safe dissipation via air cooling. Indirect fluid air conditioning is where warm dissipating digital parts are literally divided from the fluid coolant, whereas in case of straight air conditioning, the parts are in straight call with the coolant.Nevertheless, in indirect air conditioning applications the electrical conductivity can be vital if there are leaks and/or spillage of the liquids onto the electronics. In the indirect air conditioning applications where water based fluids with corrosion inhibitors are generally made use of, the electric conductivity of the liquid coolant mainly relies on the ion focus in the liquid stream.
The boost in the ion concentration in a shut loop liquid stream may occur due to ion seeping from metals and nonmetal elements that the coolant fluid is in call with. Throughout procedure, the electric conductivity of the fluid may increase to a degree which can be damaging for the cooling system.
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The samples were allowed to equilibrate at area temperature for two days prior to taping the initial electrical conductivity. In all tests reported in this research liquid electric conductivity was measured to an accuracy of 1% making use of an Oakton CON 510/CON 6 collection meter which was calibrated before each measurement.
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from the wall home heating coils to the facility of the furnace. The PTFE sample containers were positioned in the furnace when steady state temperature levels were reached. The test setup was removed from the heater every 168 hours (7 days), cooled down to space temperature with the electrical conductivity of the liquid gauged.
The electric conductivity of the liquid example was checked for a total of 5000 hours (208 days). Number 2. Schematic of the indirect closed loop cooling experiment set up - silicone synthetic oil. Table 1. Elements used in the indirect closed loop cooling down experiment that touch with the fluid coolant. A schematic of the speculative setup is revealed in Figure 2.
Prior to starting each experiment, the examination configuration was rinsed with UP-H2O several times to remove any type of impurities. The system was packed with 230 ml of UP-H2O and was allowed to equilibrate at area temperature for an hour before videotaping the preliminary electric conductivity, which was 1.72 S/cm. Fluid electric conductivity was determined to an accuracy of 1%.
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Throughout operation the liquid tank temperature was maintained at 34C. The adjustment in fluid electrical conductivity was kept an eye on for 136 hours. The liquid from the system was gathered and kept. Similarly, shut loophole test with ion exchange material was carried out with the same cleaning procedures used. The initial electric conductivity of the 230ml UP-H2O in the system determined 1.84 S/cm.
Table 2. Test matrix for both ion leaching and indirect shut loophole air conditioning experiments. Table 2 reveals the examination matrix that was made use of for both ion leaching and closed loop indirect cooling experiments. The modification in electric conductivity of the liquid samples when stirred with Dowex combined bed ion exchange material was determined.
0.1 g of Dowex resin was included in 100g of fluid examples that was taken in a different container. The combination was mixed and transform in the electric conductivity at room temperature was measured every hour. The measured modification in the electric conductivity of the UP-H2O and EG-LC examination fluids consisting of polymer or metal when immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C is shown Figure 3.
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Ion seeping experiment: Calculated change in electric conductivity of water and EG-LC coolants having either polymer or metal examples when immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C. The outcomes suggest that steels added fewer ions right into the liquids than plastics in both UP-H2O and EG-LC based coolants.
Fluids containing polypropylene and HDPE exhibited the most affordable electrical conductivity modifications. This can be as a result of the short, stiff, straight chains which are much less most likely to add ions than longer branched chains with weak intermolecular pressures. Silicone additionally executed well in both test liquids, as polysiloxanes are generally chemically inert due to the high bond power of the silicon-oxygen bond which would certainly prevent deterioration of the product into the fluid.
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It would certainly be anticipated that PVC would certainly generate similar outcomes sites to those of PTFE and HDPE based on the similar chemical structures of the materials, however there might be other pollutants existing in the PVC, such as plasticizers, that may influence the electrical conductivity of the liquid - fluorinert. Furthermore, chloride teams in PVC can likewise leach into the examination fluid and can cause an increase in electric conductivity
Buna-N rubber and polyurethane showed indicators of destruction and thermal decay which recommends that their possible utility as a gasket or adhesive product at greater temperature levels might result in application concerns. Polyurethane totally degenerated right into the test liquid by the end of 5000 hour examination. Figure 4. Before and after pictures of metal and polymer samples submersed for 5,000 hours at 80C in the ion seeping experiment.
Measured adjustment in the electric conductivity of UP-H2O coolant as a function of time with and without material cartridge in the shut indirect cooling loophole experiment. The gauged modification in electric conductivity of the UP-H2O for 136 hours with and without ion exchange resin in the loop is revealed in Number 5.
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